※　パルド・バサン短編の語りの装置を空間と枠組みから読み解く、精緻なナラトロジー研究　※

　本書は、エミリア・パルド・バサンの短編小説における語りの枠組みと空間構築を中心に、作品の語りの仕組みを再検討する研究書です。外部から内部へ、あるいは内部から外部へと視点が移動する構造に注目し、語り手の位置づけ、読者との距離、物語世界の境界がどのように設定され、操作されているのかを精密に分析します。特に、視線の方向性や空間の配置が、登場人物の心理や社会的関係をどのように反映し、読者の解釈を方向づけるのかを検討し、パルド・バサンの短編が持つ複雑なナラティブ装置を明らかにします。また、自然主義・リアリズムの文脈における彼女の位置づけを踏まえつつ、ジェンダーや社会階層の問題が語りの構造にどのように組み込まれているかを読み解くことで、短編文学研究に新たな視座を提供する内容となっています。

[対象地域、年代、研究分野]
スペイン／19〜20世紀初頭／文学研究・ナラトロジー・ジェンダー研究を対象とし、スペイン近代文学研究者・パルド・バサン研究者・物語理論研究者を対象としています。

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Description:
Besides being one of the best and most prolific writers of Spain’s nineteenth century, Emilia Pardo Bazan was an outspoken feminist who wrote with surprising candor and great clarity about the challenges that women had to face in her times. Although her feminist essays are few in number, they cover a wide breadth of topics as she probes the issues that relegate women to an inferior status in Spain during the nineteenth century. While some of Pardo Bazan’s novels engage with these same themes, it is in her short stories where Pardo Bazan addresses women’s roles in society with greatest nuance and subtlety. Furthermore, her treatment of these topics gains complexity through the use of various narrative structures. In particular, the framing devices employed in her stories require her readers to take an active role as interpreters of the various layers of the text.

From the Outside Looking In is an analysis of framing devices in the short stories of Emilia Pardo Bazan. Theoretically, it locates itself at the critical intersection between narratology and gender studies. It studies the use of male and female narrators in the framed short stories of the Countess Pardo Bazan to help to understand how the interaction of the two narrative levels contributes to the production of meaning in the texts. Th e content of the stories addresses gender dynamics and women’s limited role in society while the presence of two narrators in all of them brings to light questions of narrative authority. The gaps and fi ssures that are created as these divergent voices interact in the stories calls into question the hegemonic perspective of Spain’s patriarchal culture in the nineteenth century which in turn suggests that - in Pardo Bazan’s short stories as well as in the broader national Narrative - this point of view must be recognized as one subjective perspective, rather than a defi nitive and impartial one.

The study opens with a theoretical overview that serves to familiarize the reader with the terminology and theoretical implications of several aspects of narrative frame theory and feminist narratological approaches. The following chapters analyze thirteen of Pardo Bazan’s framed narrations that engage with issues of gender and representation. Each chapter analyzes the use a one type of narrator in several stories in order to elucidate how the use of this narrative perspective infl uences readers’ interpretations of the texts. The final three chapters of the study also explore the diff erences in content and setting from one type of narrator to another in order to demonstrate how the parallel nature of the stories’ form and content work together to deliver a feminist message with great subtlety.


TABLE OF CONTENTS:

Introduction….11

1. Understanding Narrative Frames: A Theoretical Introduction…..31

2. From the Inside Looking Our: Female Autodiegetic Narrators Tell Their Own Stories…..55

3. From the Outside Looking In: Stories of Female Protagonists Told by Male Homodiegetic Narrators….87

4. From the Inside Looking In: Stories Told by Male Homodiegetic Narrators…..127

Conclusion….161

Works Cited….169

Index….175