※　在来知と科学知の連携で描く、ラテンアメリカ資源管理の新地平　※

本書は、開発途上国とそれを支援する国・機関が直面する重大な課題、すなわち条件不利な低開発地域の農民がさらなる貧困に陥ることを防ぎつつ、周縁的な環境のこれ以上の劣化を回避するための有効な戦略が十分に整っていないという問題を取り上げる論文集です。編者Francisco J. PichonとJorge E. Uquillas他は、科学的知識と在来の技能とを結びつけることこそが最良の方策であるとし、民俗的な知識体系がしばしば地域的に有効であるだけでなく、空間的に応用可能な資源管理の解決策を提供しうると論じます。編者らはまた、リスクにさらされやすい地域を研究対象として位置づけることの重要性と、そうした条件不利地域における先住民的知識の特別な役割について説得的に論じています。人類学者、社会学者、地理学者、自然科学者による学際的な論考をバランスよく収録し、ラテンアメリカにおける資源管理システムの理論・実践に長年携わってきた専門家たちの知見を通じて、世界的関心を集める在来知識体系というテーマに取り組んでいます。(SBC: 146478)

[対象地域、年代、研究分野]
ラテンアメリカ（アンデス・アマゾン地域を含む）を対象地域とし、20世紀後半以降の資源管理実践を扱う研究であり、開発研究、環境人類学、農村社会学、自然資源管理論の分野に位置づけられます。開発研究・環境人類学の研究者をはじめ、農村社会学、先住民知識体系研究、持続可能な資源管理に関心を持つ人文・社会科学研究者を対象としています。
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Description:
Traditional and Modern Natural Resource Management in Latin America identifies a major problem facing developing nations and the countries and sources that fund them: the lack of attention and/or effective strategies available to prevent farmers in underdeveloped and poorly endowed regions from sinking still deeper into poverty while avoiding further degradation of marginal environments. The contributors propose an alliance of scientific knowledge with native skill as the best way to proceed, arguing that folk systems can often provide effective management solutions that are not only locally effective, but which may have the potential for spatial diffusion. While this has been said before, the volume makes one of the best articulated statements of how to implement such an approach.

Moreover, the editors make an eloquent case for the relevance of risk prone areas as a subject of study and the special role that indigenous knowledge plays in such poorly endowed regions. The volume is balanced - it does not advocate one approach over another, and it is multidisciplinary, including work by anthropologists, sociologists, geographers, and natural scientists.

Through carefully considered opinions by experts who have been intimately involved over the long term in theoretical and practical work related to systems of natural resource management in Latin America, Traditional and Modern Natural Resource Management in Latin America addresses a topic that has gained worldwide interest, especially in relation to indigenous knowledge systems.


CONTENTS:

List of Acronyms......ix
Adknowledgments......xi

Introduction, John Frechione......1

Part 1. Characterizing and Conceptualizing the Problem

Capter 1. Rural Poverty Alleviation and Improved Natural Resource Management through Participatory Technology Development in Latin America’s Risk-Prone Areas, Francisco J. Pichon and Jorge E. Urquillas......21

Part 2. Theoretical and Practical Issues

Chapter 2. Rural Development and Indigenous Resources: Toward an Geographic-Based Assessment Framework, Bruce A. Wilcox......75

Chapter 3. Combining Indegenous and Scientific Knowledge to Improve Agriculture and Natural Resource Management in Latin America, Billie R. DeWalt......101

Part 3. Case Studies

Chapter 4. Organizing for Change – Organizing for ModernizationCampesino Federations, Social Enterprise, and Technical Change in Andean and Amazonian Resource Management, Anthony J. Bebbington......125

Chapter 5. Organizing Experimenting Farmers for Participatin in Agricultural Research and Technology Development, Jacqueline A. Ashby, Teresa Gracia, Maria del Pilar Guerrero, Carlos Arturo Quiros, Jose Ignacio Roa, and Jorge Alonso Beltran......157

Chapter 6. Technologies for Sustainable Forest Management in the Northern Zone, Costa Rica, Carlos Reiche......184

Part 4. Indigenous/Local Knowledge Systems

Chapter 7. Indigenous Knowledge for Agricultural Development, D. Michael Warren......197

Chapter 8. Local Knowledge Systems in Latin America: Current Trends and Contributions Toward Sustainable Development, Consuelo Quiroz......212

Chapter 9. Biodiversity and Agroforestry along the Amazon Floodplain, Nigel J.H. Smith......233

Notes......253
Bibliography......267
Index......307